Protect Data.

 What are passwords?

A password, sometimes called a passcode, is a memorized secret, typically a string of characters, used to confirm the identity of a user.

Qualities of a good password.

• At least 8 characters—the more characters, the better.
• A mixture of both uppercase and lowercase letters.
• A mixture of letters and numbers.
• Inclusion of at least one special character, e.g.,! @ # ? ] Note: do not use < or > in your password, as both can cause problems in Web browsers.

examples. EZr@3214 or boY!S455

Disadvantages of passwords.

• Brute Force Attacks and Complexity. You typically can't guess a password unless you know something about the user of that password, and then only if the password represents something knowable about that user. ...
• Storage and Encryption. 
• Secrecy and Public Use. 
• User Engagement.

Biometrics.

In computer security, biometrics refers to authentication techniques that rely on measurable physical characteristics that can be automatically checked. There are several types of biometric identification schemes: face: the analysis of facial characteristics.

Advantages of biometric systems:

• Improved security
• Improved customer experience
• Cannot be forgotten or lost
• Reduced operational costs

Disadvantages of biometric systems:

• Environment and usage can affect measurements
• Systems are not 100% accurate.
• Require integration and/or additional hardware
• Cannot be reset once compromised

What are firewalls?

A firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls the incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. A firewall typically establishes a barrier between a trusted internal network and an untrusted external network, such as the Internet.

Software firewalls.

Software firewalls inspect content transferred between computers on a network and can block certain traffic that appears to be problematic or malicious. When packets of information match a certain set of rules, the network security firewall can reject them and issue an error response.

Hardware firewalls.

A Hardware Firewall is a physical device similar to a server that filters traffic to a computer. Instead of plugging the network cable into the server, it is connected to the firewall, positioning the firewall between the uplink and the computer.

Advantages of firewalls.

• Low cost.
• Makes Security Transparent to End-Users.
• Easy to install.
• Packet filters make use of current network routers. Therefore implementing a packet filter security system is typically less complicated than other network security solutions.
• High speed
• Packet filters are generally faster than other firewall technologies because they perform fewer evaluations.

Security protocols.

A sequence of operations that ensure the protection of data. Used with a communications protocol, it provides secure delivery of data between two parties.

TLS.

Transport Layer Security, and its now-deprecated predecessor, Secure Sockets Layer, are cryptographic protocols designed to provide communications security over a computer network. Several versions of the protocols find widespread use in applications such as web browsing, email, instant messaging, and voice over IP.

SSL

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) is a standard security technology for establishing an encrypted link between a server and a client—typically a web server (website) and a browser, or a mail server and a mail client.

Symmetric encryption.

Symmetric encryption is a type of encryption where only one key (a secret key) is used to both encrypt and decrypt electronic information. The entities communicating via symmetric encryption must exchange the key so that it can be used in the decryption process.

Plain text.

Plain text is a loose term for data that represent only characters of readable material but not its graphical representation nor other objects. It may also include a limited number of characters that control the simple arrangement of text, such as spaces, line breaks, or tabulation characters.

Ciphertext.

The ciphertext is also known as encrypted or encoded information because it contains a form of the original plain text that is unreadable by a human or computer without the proper cipher to decrypt it. Decryption, the inverse of encryption, is the process of turning ciphertext into readable plain text.

Use of a key.

A key code is a series of characters (sometimes numbers, sometimes letters, and numbers) that gives locksmiths the ability to cut a key that will work your lock. Key codes come in two types, blind codes, and direct digit codes.

Protection over Dos attacks.

• The first step you take when a malicious attack happens can define how it will end. Make sure your data center is prepared, and your team is aware of their responsibilities. That way, you can minimize the impact on your business and save yourself months of recovery.
• Mitigating network security threats can only be achieved with multi-level protection strategies in place. This includes advanced intrusion prevention and threat management systems, which combine firewalls, VPN, anti-spam, content filtering, load balancing, and other layers of DDoS defense techniques. Together they enable constant and consistent network protection to prevent a DDoS attack from happening. This includes everything from identifying possible traffic inconsistencies with the highest level of precision in blocking the attack.
• The most basic countermeasure to preventing DDoS attacks is to allow as little user error as possible. Engaging in strong security practices can keep business networks from being compromised. Secure practices include complex passwords that change regularly, anti-phishing methods, and secure firewalls that allow little outside traffic. These measures alone will not stop DDoS, but they serve as a critical security foundation.